WHAT
IS SKIN CANCER?
According
to the American Academy of Dermatology, more than a million new cases
of skin cancer will be diagnosed this year. Skin Cancer is a disease
in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the outer layers of
your skin. The most common types are Basal Cell
Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
These types of skin cancer are called non-melanoma skin cancer. Melanoma,
another type of skin cancer, starts in the melanocytes. It is not
as common as basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, but it is much
more serious.
Skin cancer is more common in people with light colored skin who have
spent a lot of time in the sunlight. Skin cancer can occur anywhere
on your body, but it is most common in places that have been exposed
to more sunlight, such as your face, neck, hands, and arms.
Skin cancer can look many different ways. The most common sign of
skin cancer is a change on the skin, such as a growth or a sore that
won't heal. Sometimes there may be a small lump. This lump can be
smooth, shiny and waxy looking, or it can be red or reddish brown.
Skin cancer may also appear as a flat red spot that is rough or scaly.
Not all changes in the skin are cancer, but you should see your doctor
if you notice changes.
Like most cancers, skin cancer is best treated when it is diagnosed
early. If you have a spot or lump on your skin, your doctor may remove
the growth and look at the tissue under a microscope. This is called
a biopsy. Before the biopsy, you will be given a local anesthetic
to numb the area for a short period of time.
Most non-melanoma skin cancers can be cured. Chance of recovery (prognosis)
and choice of treatment depend on the type of skin cancer and how
far it has spread.
Other kinds of cancer that may affect the skin include cutaneous T-cell
lymphoma, a cancer of the lymph system, and Kaposi's sarcoma. Cancers
that start in other parts of the body may also spread (metastasize)
to the skin.
